Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Jan J. Dubowski
Universite de Sherbrooke, Canada
Keynote: Nanostructuring of III-V semiconductors with in situ passivated surfaces
Biography:
Jan J Dubowski received his PhD degree in Semiconductor Physics from the Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland. He is a Canada Research Chair and a full
Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University de Sherbrooke, Canada. He is a Fellow of SPIE- The International Society
for Optics and Photonics (citation: “For innovative methods of investigation of laser- matter interaction”). He has published over 200 research papers, reviews, book
chapters and conference proceedings. He is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering, Biosensors and Light: Science & Applications.
Abstract:
Reproducible etching of semiconducting materials with atomic level depth resolution is of high interest to the advancement of technologies addressing fabrication of low-dimensional devices, tunability of their optoelectronic properties and precise control of device surface structure. The so-called digital etching requires specialized and expensive equipment, and relies on ex situ calibration processes. We have proposed that III-V semiconductor materials with negligible dark corrosion could be subjected to a controlled photocorrosion monitored in situ with the photoluminescence (PL) effect. The advantage of this approach is that photo-induced digital etching is achieved without the need of changing the environment – a procedure that, normally, is required for removing the product of a self-limiting reaction. The accumulated results indicate that the digital photocorrosion (DIP) process of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well microstructures could be carried with sub-monolayer precision and simultaneously monitored with PL. Recently, we have demonstrated that DIP could also be monitored with open circuit potential (OCP) measured between the photocorroding semiconductor surface and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode installed in the sample chamber. The excellent correlation between the position of both PL and OCP maxima that reveal the location of GaAs-AlGaAs interfaces, indicates that the DPC process could be monitored in situ for materials that do not exhibit measurable PL emission.
Keynote Forum
Aman Ullah
University of Alberta, Canada
Keynote: Monomers, Biopolymers and Biomaterials from Renewable Resources
Time : 09:50-10:35
Biography:
Aman Ullah received his PhD (with distinction) in Chemical Sciences and Technologies in 2010 at the University of Genova, Italy by working together at Southern Methodist University, USA. He worked as a postdoctoral fellow before accepting an Assistant Professor position at the University of Alberta. He has been promoted to Associate Professor with Tenure. He has been teaching a graduate course entitled “Renewable Biomaterials”. This course deals with fundamentals in bio-based materials development, characterization, and various industrial applications. Current research, recent literature, and real-life applications of biomaterials/bionanomaterials in various industries are discussed throughout the course. Aman has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and 3 patents/patent applications. His research is focussed on the development of biochemicals, biopolymers/biomaterials from renewable resources. Overall, as PI and Co-investigator, he has attracted a total of ~ $8.7 million in funding in last 5 years. He has participated and presented his work in more than 82 National and international scientific meetings and conferences, including several invited, keynote and planery lectures at conferences and research centers in Asia, Europe, and America. In addition, he has received several awards including Canadian Rising Star award in Global Health by Grand Challenges Canada in 2012
Abstract:
In recent years, the use of renewable natural resources have become the focus of research in supplementing and replacing traditional petrochemical products due to growing energy demands and environmental concerns. The utilization of lipids and other renewable resources has been considered to play a primitive role towards sustainable development due to their large scale availability, built-in-functionality, biodegradability and no net CO2 production. In addition, a broad range of monomers can be obtained as a single feedstock. These attributes make lipids a good fit for the development of renewable biomaterials. This Presentation will focus on the conversion of lipids, from various sources including waste streams such as waste cooking oil and lipids extracted from spent foul, into monomers, biopolymers and biomaterials. The ability for complete conversion of oils in just few minutes under solvent free conditions into monomers, biopolymers and bio-composites is undoubtedly an attractive concept from both an academic and an industrial point of view.
Keynote Forum
Steven Rogak
The University of British Colombia, Canada
Keynote: Aerosol carbon nanoparticles: The connection between aggregate morphology and nano-structural features
Time : 11:00-11:45
Biography:
Professor Rogak is an expert on aerosol measurements and emissions. His focus has been on soot and nanoparticle emissions from combustion sources, as these are the particles most implicated in the human health impacts of air pollution. Human exposure to airborne contaminants is typically highest indoors, and this concern has led to research on transport of cough and sneeze particles (with Dr. Amir Aliabadi at University of Guelph), filtration (with Dr. James Montgomery) and the degradation of HVAC equipment from air pollution (with the dPoint-Zehnder-UBC collaborative project). Professor Rogak is author of more than 70 peer reviewed papers on aerosols, is currently a member of the Editorial Advisory Board for Aerosol Science and Technology, and is on the Scientific Advisory Committee for FlareNet, a Canadian network of researchers quantifying the emissions from oil and gas production flaring emissions. Recent work has focused on the discovery that soot seems to retain structures that correspond to inhomogeneous regions within flames
Abstract:
Aerosol nanoparticles composed mainly of carbon are created unintentionally from fuel-rich non-premixed combustion; this “soot” or “black carbon” has enormous climate and health implications. “Carbon black”, however, is created intentionally as a material filler or pigment, and exhibits nearly the same structure: fractal-like aggregates of nearly-spherical primary particles.
Recently our group has found that the primary particles within soot aggregates from a combustion source have a wide size range (8-80 nm), but the distribution within individual aggregates is quite narrow, and generally larger aggregates have larger primary particles. This suggests that the aggregate morphology is derived from highly localized conditions within flames.
Carbon aerosol particles segregated by physical characteristics (aerodynamic size or mass) have different optical properties and show different Raman spectra. This might be of interest in tuning material properties, but it is also of fundamental interest to combustion researchers because it means that particle morphology carries with it information on the distribution of soot formation conditions in flames.
- Emerging Technologies in Material Science | Advanced Emerging Materials | Materials for Energy Storage
Chair
Steven Rogak
The University of British Colombia, Canada
Session Introduction
Chuen-Chang Lin
National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Title: Synthesis of cobaltic oxide/carbon nanotube/graphene composites for anode materials of lithium-ion batteries
Biography:
Chuen-Chang Lin got his PhD from Wayne State University. He is the professsor of Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology. He has published 31 papers in SCI journals.
Abstract:
Carbon nanotube/graphene composites are directly grown on nickel foil without additional catalysts by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Next, cobalt is deposited on carbon nanotube/graphene composites by radio-frequency (RF) sputtering with different power levels and time periods. Then the cobalt is transform into cobalt oxide by annealing. The higher specific capacity is obtained at the sputtering conditions (power = 100 W and time = 60 min). The longer the time period, the higher the specific capacity. Furthermore, it also shows higher electrochemical stability for cobaltic oxide/carbon nanotube/graphene composites in comparison with cobaltic oxide.
Xiaohui Jiang
China West Normal University, China
Title: In-situ polymerization on X70 steel surface and corrosion inhibition
Biography:
Xiaohui Jiang has completed her PhD from Southwest Petroleum University, China. She is a repute professor of chemistry in the school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University. She has been teaching organic chemistry for 30 years. Her researches focus on new surfactants and new organic inhibitors syntheses and their application in corrosion inhibition and pollutants removal in waste water. These researches are added financially by Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province and National Nature Science foundation of China. She has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals
Abstract:
In present work, we report a way to construct double layers of polymer protective film by monomer in situ polymerization on X70 steel surface, meanwhile the corrosion inhibition of the double layers was evaluated and compared with those of the monomer and the polymer solution by weight loss method. The results indicated that the double polymer film formed on the X70 steel surface was exhibited an inhibition efficiency of 98.86% for X70 steel in 5 M HCl at 90 °C for 24 hours immersion.
Meysam Haghshenas
University of North Dakota, USA
Title: Mg nanocomposites: Novel materials of Future
Biography:
Meysam Haghsenas is currently an assiatnt professor with Department of Mechanical Engineering at University of North Dakota. His areas of resaerch include microstruture/properties/processing corrolations in materails including Mg nanocompsites and additively manufactured metals. He has complited his PhD in 2013 at Western University (UWO) followed by two years as a postdoctoral fellow at University of Waterloo in Canada. Dr. Hagshhenas has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Ambient and elevated temperature mechanical and physical properties of traditional materials like metals, polymers and ceramics are not able to match expected properties in modern engineering applications. Among metallic materials, magnesium (Mg) possesses the least density and seems an excellent candidate for aerospace and automotive industries; however, the strength and ductility of Mg alloys are relatively poor because of the low symmetry hexagonal close-packed (HCP) internal lattice structure, which significantly hinders their usage. The precipitation hardening of Mg improves the mechanical properties but there are only a few elements which form extended regions of solid solutions with Mg. Therefore, efforts are spent to develop lightweight Mg matrix composites. With the growing availability of ceramic and metallic nanoparticles, the development of new magnesium composites reinforced with nanosize (d<100 nm) partcilces, known as Mg nanocomposites, provides improved mechanical properties, as well as high temperature, corrosion, fatigue and wear properties over magnesium alloys and conventional magnesium composites reinforced with micron-size particles. The use of a small volume fraction of nano-size reinforcements (i.e. ceramic nanoparticles and carbon nano-tubes) has been shown to produce results comparable or even superior to that of matrix materials, and metal matrix composites reinforced with similar or higher volume fraction of micron size reinforcement.
Jobin Jose
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Title: Effect of natural weather aging on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/starch/graphene nanocomposite
Biography:
Jobin Jose has completed his PhD from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, India. Also, he did two years postdoctoral program from Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea and another two years in the Department of Chemical Engineering, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Currently he is working as Research Scientist at the Research Institute in King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia. His research interests include Polymer Nanocomposites, Polymer Recycling to make value added products, Protective Coatings, Water soluble polymers etc. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and conferences. He has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.
Abstract:
The degradation in biodegradable polymers are significantly affected by the change in the crystallinity with respect to time. Long time exposure in aggressive environment (either hot or cold climate) of any polymer material can cause changes in physical and mechanical properties, specifically color change, increase in brittleness. The objective of the present investigation is to understand the degradation of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/Starch Blend (70:30 ratio) and its Nanocomposites with Graphene under the aggressive hot natural weathering conditions in Dhahran, of Saudi Arabia. PVA/Starch/Graphene nanocomposites were prepared via solution mixing and casting techniques. In the early stages of polymer exposure, the degradation happens primarily due to the dissolution of the amorphous phase, while in the later stages even the crystalline regions undergoes degradation. Changes in crystallinity, mechanical properties, molecular structure, and morphology of the nanocomposites during the aging period have been observed at different time intervals and inferred. The thermal and spectroscopic results demonstrated the dissolution of the amorphous phase during early stages of exposure followed by the deterioration of the crystalline phase in later stages. Morphological micrographs showed that the surface of the nanocomposites had fewer defects compared to the PVA/Starch blend. PVA/Starch/Graphene nanocomposites showed a remarkable retention in total crystallinity compared to the PVA/Starch blend during the aging period. The incorporation of graphene into the PVA/Starch blend made both the polymers less vulnerable to environmental degradation, and these nanocomposites could therefore be suitable as packaging films for use in outdoor applications.
Cyprain Fang Kah
Emannuel N2 Co. Ltd, Northern Cyprus
Title: Novel materials and nanotechnology for construction
Biography:
Cyprain Fang Kah has completed a Diploma in Business Management and is presently Procurement Manager at Emmanuel N2 Co. Ltd, a leading construction consortium in Lefkosa in Northern Cyprus. He presently leads the company’s affairs in following up new technologies and finding novel construction materials for effective construction.
Abstract:
The development of sustainable construction and building materials with reduced environmental footprint in both manufacturing and operational phases of the material lifecycle is attracting increased interest in the housing and construction industry worldwide. Recent innovations have led to the development of geopolymer foam concrete, which combines the performance benefits and operational energy savings achievable using lightweight foam concrete, with the cradle-to-gate emissions reductions obtained using a geopolymer binder derived from fly ash. To bring a better understanding of the properties and potential large-scale benefits associated with the use of geopolymer foam concretes, this paper addresses some of the sustainability questions currently facing the cement and concrete industry, in the context of the utilisation of foam concretes based either on Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) or on geopolymer binders. The potential of geopolymer binders to provide enhanced fire resistance is also significant, and the aluminosilicate basis of the geopolymer binding phases is important in bringing high temperature stability. The standardisation (quality control) of feedstocks and the control of efflorescence are two challenges facing the development of commercially mature geopolymer foam concrete technology, requiring more detailed exploration of the chemistry of raw materials and the microstructural development of geopolymers.
Muhammad Zubair
University of Alberta, Canada
Title: Proteins derived films for food packaging applications
Biography:
Zubair has completed his Master from University of Alberta in January 2017. Currently he is Ph.D candidate in the Department of Agrictulral, Food and Nutritiona Science, Univeristy of Alberta. He is working on the utilization of proteins - renewable resources for industrial processing and synthesis of bio-based polymers
Abstract:
Spent hens: a poultry by-product, have little marketplace and their disposal methods are infeasible so to figure out alternatives which is environment friendly. In this study, proteins were extracted from spent hen by alkali aided extraction method with high recovery yield and purity. These proteins were further modified using glycerol, chitosan and bentonite to increase the value of spent hen proteins. The objective of this work was the improvement of mechanical strength of the protein derived bionanocomposites films. The improvement in physical properties was observed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Attenuated total reflectance- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR- FTIR) . The study revealed, 3% chitosan enhance the mechanical strength of derived films which can be further improved by bentonite addition and it increased to 11.37 MPa that is contributed due to the strong interaction and hydrogen bonding developed between filler and matrix. The thermal stability and water vapor permeability also improved due to the small amount of chitosan and bentonite. The results showed films have the ability to used for food packaging applications.
Lewis Muteh Mukum
Malaysia Airport Consultancy Services, Qatar
Title: Ethical and scientific issues of nanotechnology at Malaysia Airport Consultancy Services Middle East
Biography:
Lewis Muteh Mukum is a Health and Safety Officer at Malaysia Airport Consultancy Services Middle East in Doha, Qatar. He oversees development, implementation and monitoring of health and safety programs in the Maintenance Division of the Consultancy. He holds a Technical Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery and an Advanced Diploma in Computer Maintenance and Information Technology.
Abstract:
In the absence of scientific clarity about the potential health effects of occupational exposure to nanoparticles, a need exists for guidance in decision making about hazards, risks, and controls. An identification of the ethical issues involved may be useful to decision makers, particularly employers, workers, investors, and health authorities. Because the goal of occupational safety and health is the prevention of disease in workers, the situations that have ethical implications that most affect workers have been identified. These situations include the identification and communication of hazards and risks by scientists, authorities, and employers; workers’ acceptance of risk; selection and implementation of controls; establishment of medical screening programs; and investment in toxicologic and control research. The ethical issues involve the unbiased determination of hazards and risks, nonmaleficence (doing no harm), autonomy, justice, privacy, and promoting respect for persons. As the ethical issues are identified and explored, options for decision makers can be developed. Additionally, societal deliberations about workplace risks of nanotechnologies may be enhanced by special emphasis on small businesses and adoption of a global perspective.